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Liechtenstein Adopts Foundation Law Reform
By by Ulrika Lomas, Tax-News.com, Brussels

07 July 2008

The Liechtenstein parliament has approved a reform of the jurisdiction's foundations law, which the government claims adhere to international standards while continuing to protect privacy.

The new foundation law will enter into force on 1st April 2009 and is part of the government's ongoing modernization of Liechtenstein company structures which so far has included revision of the law governing associations and cooperative societies, and the introduction of the European Company and the European Cooperative Society.

As announced by the government, a revision of trust law will follow, the cornerstone of which – as in the case of Liechtenstein foundations – was laid in 1926 with the creation of the Law on Persons and Companies.

"Liechtenstein’s total revision of foundation law is based on the contemporary demands and needs of the financial centre's’s clients," the government announced on 30th June.

"The balanced overall concept of the reform...meets international standards without deviating from the Liechtenstein legal tradition, which has always considered the protection of privacy to be a valuable good," the government said.

The main aim of the reform of foundation law was to harmonization with international standards, but the changes were also carried with the popularity of the foundation and its national economic significance to the Principality in mind.

"The requirements of market participants were taken into account, as well as the need to create a legal foundation that can be measured in accordance with scientific criteria and international standards, as the government stipulated in its guideline at the beginning of the reform process," the government stated.

The new foundation law is a self-contained body of law with a new systematic structure differentiating private-use from charitable foundations and strengthening the responsibility of the founder. The protection of the foundation assets is subject to new rules, as are the supervision of foundations and foundation governance. The non-transferability of the founders’ rights as a further new key feature entails greater legal certainty and clarity.

Minister of Justice and Economic Affairs Klaus Tschütscher believes that the new system of foundation supervision will serve as a model internationally.

The “deposited” foundation, which need not be registered in the Public Registry and has thus been an object of criticism, has been retained. The government justifies the retention of this type of foundation by noting that it serves to protect the confidentiality of the founder if he wants to engage in long-term asset planning in the interest of his family. The exemption from the registration requirement only applies to private-use foundations, however, not to commercially operating foundations, which as a rule are limited to the mere management of assets.

The government also asserts that confidentiality in the foundation system is not peculiar to Liechtenstein peculiarity. In Austria, whose foundation law is closely based on Liechtenstein law, foundations must be entered in the corporate registry, but since a professional trustee acts on behalf of the founder when establishing the foundation and the name of the foundation may be freely chosen, the beneficial founder can remain in the background.

The government also points out that in Switzerland, with which the old Liechtenstein foundation law was closely linked, family foundations are exempt from entry in the commercial registry. Meanwhile, in Germany, only a limited publicity of foundations applies, which as a rule does not extend to the person of the founder.

The Principality argues that a switch to a general registration requirement for all foundations, including private-use foundations without a commercial purpose, would significantly diminish the attractiveness of the Liechtenstein foundation in an international comparison.

The so-called “Futuro” project launched by the government calls foundations the “heart of the financial centre's" According to “Futuro,” family foundations are increasingly being recognized as autonomized assets and thereby constitute an instrument of succession planning that is sought worldwide.

In the future, the Liechtenstein professional trustee is no longer envisaged as merely a broker and administrator of this structure, but rather – thanks to his internationally recognized competence – will be seen as an important advisor in personal contact with the founders.

“Futuro” also plans to make Liechtenstein into a location for trusts, by harmonizing them with Anglo-Saxon trust structures.

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